In a long-awaited ruling, the U.S. Supreme Court voted 6-3 to overturn a lower court's decision that found South Carolina's redistricting map unconstitutional, rejecting claims of racial discrimination.
Justice Samuel Alito, who authored the majority decision, stressed that a party challenging the constitutionality of a map must be able to separate race from policy to show that the Legislature was motivated primarily by race rather than of partisanship The three-judge District Court's handling of South Carolina's redistricting efforts after the 2020 census was heavily criticized by the Supreme Court, with Alito calling its findings of fact “clearly erroneous under the legal standard appropriate”.
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The case originated from a challenge by the ACLU and the NAACP, which claimed that maps redrawn after the 2020 census were illegally manipulated. They hoped the Supreme Court's intervention would influence upcoming congressional races. However, a federal court allowed the disputed maps to stand, finding it “clearly impractical” to wait for the Supreme Court's decision.
The implications of the Supreme Court decision for other elections in 2024 remain uncertain, with primaries already underway in several states. The high court's conservative majority expressed dismay at an earlier federal court order directing South Carolina to produce a new congressional map in time for the November 2024 election.
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The disputed map in question had drawn attention to the outlying 1st Congressional District, currently represented by Rep. Nancy Mace, RSC, following the move of approximately 30,000 black voters from Charleston County to the 6th Congressional District been This change altered the political landscape of the 6th Congressional District, leading to concerns of racial gerrymandering. Representative James Clyburn, DS.C., an influential black member of Congress, currently holds the 6th Congressional District seat.
The dissenting opinion came from Justice Elena Kagan, supported by Justices Sonia Sotomayor and Ketanji Brown Jackson. Kagan criticized the majority's decision, saying it disfavored the challengers and rejected their substantial evidence, including expert statistical analysis, showing the racial implications of the state's redistricting plan.
As a result of the high court's delay in issuing its ruling, the contested map will persist for the 2024 election.
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